Table Of Contents
Route Switch Processor (RSP16)
Installation and Configuration GuideConnecting to the Auxiliary Port
Using the Y-Cables for Console and Auxiliary Connections
Configuring the Router for a Single RSP16
Using the EXEC Command Interpreter
Configuring High System Availability
HSA Active and Standby Operation
Monitoring and Maintaining HSA Operation
Enabling High Availability Features
High Availability Feature Overview
Hardware and Software Prerequisites
RPR, RPR+, SSO, and FSU Troubleshooting Tips
Monitoring and Maintaining the Active and Standby RSPs
Troubleshooting the Installation
Verifying System Startup Sequence
Troubleshooting a Router That is Failing to Boot
Troubleshooting a Failed RSP16
Saving and Retrieving a Configuration File
Replacing and Upgrading DRAM DIMMs
Console and Auxiliary Y-Cable Pinouts
Software Configuration Register Settings
Obtaining Technical Assistance
Cisco Technical Support Website
Definitions of Service Request Severity
Obtaining Additional Publications and Information
Route Switch Processor (RSP16)
Installation and Configuration Guide
Product Numbers: RSP16=, CISCO7507/16-MX, CISCO7513/16-MX, CISCO7507/16x2-MX, CISCO7513/16x2-MX, MEM-RSP16-128M=, MEM-RSP16-256M=, MEM-RSP16-512M=,MEM-RSP16-FLD48M=, MEM-RSP16-FLD64M=, MEM-RSP16-FLD128M=
This document describes the Route Switch Processor (RSP16), an optional system processor for the Cisco 7507, Cisco 7507-MX, Cisco 7513, and Cisco 7513-MX routers. The RSP16 increases the performance and memory support for large route tables over the RSP4+ and RSP8.
The RSP16 supports the high system availability (HSA) feature, which allows two RSP16s (or an RSP16 and an RSP8) to be used in a Cisco 7507, Cisco 7507-MX, Cisco 7513, or Cisco 7513-MX router. The redundancy increases system availability during planned and unplanned network outages. See the "Configuring High System Availability" section for more information on HSA.
The RSP16 also supports high availability (HA), a series of features that operates similarly to HSA, but which further minimizes system downtime. (HSA is the system default.) For more information on HA, see the "Enabling High Availability Features" section.
Document Contents
This document contains the following sections:
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Installation Prerequisites, page 9
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Related Documentation
All of the documentation mentioned below is available online, on the Documentation CD-ROM, or as printed documents. For a complete list of documentation, refer to the Cisco 7500 Series Router Documentation flyer (part number DOC-7812955) that shipped with your RSP, online at http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/core/cis7505/12955fly.htm.
Your router and the Cisco IOS software running on it contain extensive features and functionality, which are documented in the following resources:
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For configuration information and support, refer to the Cisco IOS software configuration documentation set that corresponds to the software release installed on your Cisco hardware.
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Product Description
The topics discussed in this section are:
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The RSP16 is the latest-generation, main system processor module for the Cisco 7500 series routers. (See Figure 1 and Figure 2.) The RSP16 is not available as an upgrade to an existing RSP, but supports the VIP2, VIP4, and new VIP6-80. The RSP16 does not support legacy interface processors, except for the CIP2, GEIP, GEIP+, FEIP2-DSW-2TX, FEIP2-DSW-2FX, SRPIP, CX-CIP2-ECA1 and ECA2. The RSP16 contains the central processing unit (CPU) and most of the memory components for the router. The Cisco IOS software images reside in Flash memory, located as follows on the RSP16:
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Storing the IOS software images in Flash memory enables you to download and boot from upgraded Cisco IOS software images remotely or from software images resident in the RSP16 Flash memory, without having to remove and replace read-only memory (ROM) devices.
The RSP16 also contains:
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In addition to running the system software from DRAM, the RSP16 contains and executes the following management functions that control the system:
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The high-speed switching section of the RSP16 communicates with and controls the interface processors on the high-speed CyBus. This switching section of the RSP16 decides the destination of a packet and switches it based on that decision.
Figure 1 RSP16 Horizontal Front-Panel View
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Figure 2 RSP16—Horizontal Orientation Shown
CPU
The CPU used in the RSP16 is a 400-MHz R7000A with 256-KB Layer 2 cache.
Memory Components
Table 1 shows the memory components on the RSP16.
Table 1 RSP16 Memory Components
DRAM
128-MB1 to 512-MB DIMMs
1 or 2
128-, 256-, or 516-MB DIMMs2 (based on DRAM required) for main Cisco IOS image functions
U130, or U130 and U180
SRAM3
8 MB (fixed)
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SRAM for packet buffering functions (MEMD)
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2 MB (fixed)
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SRAM for tertiary (L3) CPU cache memory functions
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NVRAM
2 MB
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Nonvolatile SRAM for the system configuration file4
U5
Flash memory
16-MB SIMM5
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Contains the Cisco IOS images on the RSP16
U1
48-MB, 64-MB6 , or 128-MB Flash Disk
Up to 2
Contains the Cisco IOS images on up to two Flash Disks
Slot 0, or slot 0 and slot 1
Flash boot ROM
512KB
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Flash EPROM for the ROM monitor program image
U7
1 128 MB of DRAM is the default DRAM configuration for the RSP16.
2 Do not mix memory sizes. If installing 2 DIMMs, both DIMMs must be the same size. If your router includes redundant RSPs, the RSPs should have the same memory size.
3 SRAM is not user-configurable or field-upgradable.
4 A system configuration file is contained in NVRAM, which allows the Cisco IOS software to control several system variables.
5 This 16-MB SIMM Flash memory is not supported on the RSP2, RSP4/4+, or RSP8.
6 A 64-MB Flash Disk is the default shipping configuration for the RSP16 product.
DRAM
DRAM stores routing tables, protocols, and network accounting applications and runs the Cisco IOS software. The standard (default) RSP16 configuration is 128 MB of DRAM, with up to 1 GB available through DIMM upgrades. DRAM is contained in up to two DIMM sockets: U130 (also called bank 0) and U180 (also called bank 1). When upgrading DRAM, you must use DIMMs from Cisco. (Also see the "Compatibility Requirements" section.)
Caution
SRAM
SRAM provides packet buffering and CPU cache memory functions. The standard RSP16 configuration is 8 MB of SRAM for packet buffering and 2 MB of tertiary (L3) CPU cache memory.
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NVRAM
The system configuration, software configuration register settings, and environmental monitoring logs are contained in the 2-MB NVRAM, which is backed up with built-in lithium batteries that retain the contents for a minimum of 10 years. When replacing an RSP16, be sure to back up your configuration to a remote server so you can retrieve it later.
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Flash Disks
Flash Disks allow you to remotely load and store multiple Cisco IOS software and microcode images. You can download a new image over the network or from a local server and then add the new image to Flash memory or replace the existing files. You can then boot routers either manually or automatically from any of the images stored in Flash memory. Flash memory also functions as a TFTP server to allow other servers to boot remotely from stored images or to copy them into their own Flash memory.
For additional information, see the Using the Flash Disk document.
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Flash Disks are available in 48-MB (default), 64-MB, or 128-MB sizes, and can be used in slot 0, or slot 0 and slot 1. See page 1 for a list of product numbers.
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For a list of compatible software releases for the Flash Disk, refer to the Software Advisor at http://www.cisco.com/pcgi-bin/Support/CompNav/Index.pl.
LEDs
Table 2 describes the operation of the LEDs found on the RSP16:
Table 2 RSP16 LEDs
Normal1
Green
On
RSP16 is on and receiving +5V.
CPU halt 1
Green
Yellow
Off
On
RSP16 is operating normally.
Processor hardware failure has been detected.
Active
Green
On
RSP16 is an active RSP.
Standby
Green
On
RSP16 is a standby (HSA/HA configuration required).
Slot 0
Green
On
Flash Disk in this slot is being accessed.
Slot 1
Green
On
Flash Disk in this slot is being accessed.
1 The RSP16 controls these LEDs and turns them on in parallel to indicate that the system is operational.
PC Card Slots
The RSP16 has two PC Card slots available. Either slot can support a Flash Disk or an input/output (I/O) device. Not all Flash Disks that are commercially available are supported, and not all I/O devices are supported.Serial Ports
Two asynchronous serial ports on the RSP16, labeled Console and Auxiliary, allow you to connect external terminal devices to monitor and manage the system. The console port is an Electronics Industries Association/Telecommunications Industry Association (EIA/TIA)-232 receptacle (female) that provides a data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) interface for connecting a console terminal.
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The auxiliary port is an EIA/TIA-232 plug (male) that provides a data terminal equipment (DTE) interface; the auxiliary port supports flow control and is often used to connect a modem, a channel service unit (CSU), or other optional equipment for Telnet management.
Specifications
Table 3 lists the physical specifications for the RSP16:
System Software
The Cisco 7507, Cisco 7507-MX, Cisco 7513, and Cisco 7513-MX routers support downloadable system software and microcode for most Cisco IOS and microcode upgrades. This enables you to remotely download, store, and boot from a new image. The publication Upgrading Software and Microcode in Cisco 7000 Series and Cisco 7500 Series Routers (Document Number DOC-781144) provides instructions for upgrading over the network or from floppy disks. Flash memory contains the default system software image and bundled microcode images. Flash Disks are supported. Flash memory cards are not supported on the RSP16.
For the latest software release information, refer to the Software Advisor at http://www.cisco.com/pcgi-bin/Support/CompNav/Index.pl.
At system startup, an internal system utility scans for compatibility problems between the installed interface processor types and the bundled microcode images. The utility then decompresses the images into running dynamic random-access memory (DRAM). The bundled microcode images then function the same as the EPROM images.
The Cisco IOS software images reside in Flash memory, which is located on the RSP16 in the form of a single in-line memory module (SIMM), or on Flash Disks that insert in the two PC Card slots (slot 0 and slot 1) on the front of the RSP16. (See Figure 2.) Storing the Cisco IOS images in Flash memory enables you to download and boot from upgraded Cisco IOS images remotely or from software images resident in the RSP16 Flash memory.
Although no monitoring of voltage or temperature is done by the RSP16, a comparator device ensures that voltage is within the normal operating ranges, and three temperature sensors on the RSP16 send temperature information to the chassis interface (CI) card. The CI card reports all voltage and temperature readings, and these readings are available through standard software commands for environmental monitoring. The RSP16 uses a software-controlled configuration register, so you do not have to remove the RSP16 to configure jumpers. There are no user-configurable jumpers on the RSP16.
Installation Prerequisites
Before beginning the installation procedures, review the following sections to ensure awareness of the appropriate regulatory and safety requirements, and to ensure that your RSP16 hardware functions properly with compatible components:
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Safety Guidelines
Following are safety guidelines that you should follow when working with any equipment that connects to electrical power or telephone wiring.
Warning
Safety Warnings
Electrical Equipment Guidelines
Follow these basic guidelines when working with any electrical equipment:
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Telephone Wiring Guidelines
Use the following guidelines when working with any equipment that is connected to telephone wiring or to other network cabling:
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Preventing Electrostatic Discharge Damage
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage, which can occur when electronic cards or components are improperly handled, can result in complete or intermittent failures. Each processor module contains a printed circuit card that is fixed in a metal carrier.
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, connectors, and a handle are integral components of the carrier. Although the metal carrier helps to protect the board from ESD, use an ESD-preventive wrist or ankle strap whenever you handle any electronic system component.
Following are guidelines for preventing ESD damage:
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Compatibility Requirements
This section describes compatibility requirements for the RSP16.
Chassis Requirements
Following are chassis slot and DRAM requirements for ensuring RSP16 compatibility.
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Memory Requirements
Flash Disks and DRAM DIMMs must meet the following requirements:
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Software Prerequisites
The following Cisco IOS releases are compatible with the RSP16:
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For the latest compatible software releases, refer to the Software Advisor at http://www.cisco.com/pcgi-bin/Support/CompNav/Index.pl.
Use the show version and show hardware commands to display the router's current hardware and software configurations. The show microcode command lists the bundled microcode (and target hardware) version for each processor type. The show controller cbus command shows the microcode version you are running. The show diagbus command shows the hardware version and revision of the RSP16 board.
For additional descriptions of show commands, refer to the Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide and Configuration Fundamentals Command Reference publications, which are available online, on the Documentation CD-ROM, or as printed documents.
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Hardware Prerequisites
Your router configuration, protocols and features might require more than the 128 MB of DRAM that is shipped with the RSP16. To upgrade DRAM, see the "Replacing and Upgrading DRAM DIMMs" section.
To ensure proper operation of a system configured for HSA or HA, note the guidelines below:
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Microcode Requirements
Microcode is a set of processor-specific software instructions that enables and manages the features and functions of a specific processor type. At system startup or reload, the system loads the microcode for each processor type present in the system. The latest available microcode image for each processor type is bundled and distributed with the system software image.
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List of Parts and Tools
You need some or all of the following parts and tools to install, remove, and replace an RSP16 or to upgrade DRAM. If you need additional equipment, contact a customer service representative for ordering information.
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Installing the RSP16
Before you begin, be sure that your system meets the minimum software, hardware, and microcode requirements described in the "Compatibility Requirements" section.
This section includes the following procedures for installing or replacing an RSP16:
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After the new RSP16 is secure, follow the procedures in the "Troubleshooting the Installation" section to verify that it is installed and functioning properly.
Removing the RSP16
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When you remove or install the RSP16, be sure to use the ejector levers, which help to ensure that the RSP16 is fully inserted in the backplane or fully dislodged from it. An RSP16 that is only partially connected to the backplane can halt the system unless a second RSP16 is installed.
Figure 3 shows the ejector lever mechanism. When you simultaneously push the ejector levers inward (toward the carrier handle), the levers push the RSP16 into the slot and ensure that the board connectors are fully seated in the backplane.
To remove the RSP16, complete the following steps:
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Figure 3 Ejector Levers and Captive Installation Screw
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Step 8
This completes the removal procedure. If you removed the RSP16 to replace DIMMs, proceed to the "Replacing and Upgrading DRAM DIMMs" section. If you are replacing the RSP16, proceed to the next section to install the new RSP16.
Replacing the RSP16
The RSP16 is keyed for installation only in an RSP slot. By default, the system active is the RSP that occupies the first RSP slot in the router: slot 2 in the Cisco 7507 and Cisco 7507-MX, and slot 6 in the Cisco 7513 and Cisco 7513-MX. Follow these steps to install an RSP16:
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Figure 4 Handling the RSP16 During Removal and Installation
Caution
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Step 6
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This completes the procedure for replacing the RSP16.
Connecting a Console Terminal
The system console port on the RSP16 is a DB-25 receptacle DCE port for connecting a data terminal, which you need to configure in order to communicate with your system. The console port is located on the RSP16 just below the auxiliary port, as shown in Figure 5, and is labeled Console.
Before connecting the console port, check the documentation for your terminal to determine the baud rate of the terminal you are using. The baud rate of the terminal must match the default baud rate (9600 baud). Set up the terminal as follows: 9600 baud, 8 data bits, no parity, and 2 stop bits (9600,8N2).
Use the console cable provided to connect the terminal to the console port on the RSP16, and then follow the steps in the "Restarting the System" section.
Figure 5 Console and Auxiliary Port Connections
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Connecting to the Auxiliary Port
The auxiliary port on the RSP16 is a DB-25 plug DTE port for connecting a modem or other DCE device (such as a channel service unit [CSU], data service unit [DSU], or other router) to the router. The port is located next to the console port on the RSP16 and is labeled AUX. An example of a modem connection is shown in Figure 5.
Using the Y-Cables for Console and Auxiliary Connections
For systems with two RSPs installed and the HSA or the HA feature enabled, you can connect to either the console or the auxiliary ports simultaneously on both RSPs using a special, optional Y-cable. If only one RSP16 is installed, it is the system active by default.
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Figure 6 shows the console Y-cable and Figure 7 shows the auxiliary Y-cable.
Figure 6 Console Y-Cable (Part Number CAB-RSP16CON=)
Figure 7 Auxiliary Y-Cable (Part Number CAB-RSP16AUX=)
Restarting the System
When you turn the system power back on, verify that the system boots and resumes normal operation. If you are restarting the system after upgrading the DRAM, expect that it will take the system longer to complete the memory initialization portion of the boot sequence with more DRAM. (See the "Verifying System Startup Sequence" section.)
Follow these steps to verify that the RSP16 is installed and functioning properly:
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System Bootstrap, Version 12.0(20011126:200409) [biff-RSP16_BENGAL_120S 251], DEVELOPMENT SOFTWARECopyright (c) 1994-2001 by cisco Systems, Inc.SLOT 6 RSP is system masterRSP16 platform with 262144 Kbytes of main memoryrommon 1 > bSelf decompressing the image :####################################################################################################################################################################################################################### [OK]Restricted Rights LegendUse, duplication, or disclosure by the Government issubject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph(c) of the Commercial Computer Software - RestrictedRights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph(c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and ComputerSoftware clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013.cisco Systems, Inc.170 West Tasman DriveSan Jose, California 95134-1706Cisco Internetwork Operating System SoftwareIOS (tm) RSP Software (RSP-PV-M), Experimental Version 12.1(20020307:194032) [biff-121E_LATEST 127]Copyright (c) 1986-2002 by cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Fri 26-Apr-02 16:52 by biffImage text-base:0x60010958, data-base:0x611A4000cisco RSP16 (R7000A) processor with 262144K/8216K bytes of memory.R7000 CPU at 400Mhz, Implementation 39, Rev 3.3, 256KB L2, 2048KB L3 CacheLast reset from power-onG.703/E1 software, Version 1.0.G.703/JT2 software, Version 1.0.X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.Chassis Interface.1 EIP controller (4 Ethernet).4 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)2043K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.16384K bytes of Flash internal SIMM (Sector size 256K).No slave installed in slot 7.Press RETURN to get started!00:00:05:%CI-6-BPLANE:CI type 7 differs from NVRAM type 200:00:06:%SYS-5-CONFIG_I:Configured from memory by console00:00:08:%LINK-5-CHANGED:Interface Ethernet8/0, changed state to administratively down00:00:08:%LINK-5-CHANGED:Interface Ethernet8/1, changed state to administratively down00:00:08:%LINK-5-CHANGED:Interface Ethernet8/2, changed state to administratively down00:00:08:%LINK-5-CHANGED:Interface Ethernet8/3, changed state to administratively down00:00:08:%SYS-5-RESTART:System restarted --Cisco Internetwork Operating System SoftwareIOS (tm) RSP Software (RSP-PV-M), Experimental Version 12.1(20020307:194032) [biff-121E_LATEST 127]Copyright (c) 1986-2002 by cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Fri 26-Apr-02 16:52 by biff00:00:08:%SNMP-5-COLDSTART:SNMP agent on host Router is undergoing a cold start00:00:10:%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:Line protocol on Interface Ethernet8/0, changed state to down00:00:10:%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:Line protocol on Interface Ethernet8/1, changed state to down00:00:10:%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:Line protocol on Interface Ethernet8/2, changed state to down00:00:10:%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:Line protocol on Interface Ethernet8/3, changed state to down00:00:10:%SYS-6-BOOTTIME:Time taken to reboot after reload = -210 secondsRouter>•
System Bootstrap, Version 11.1, RELEASED SOFTWARECopyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.SLOT 2 RSP16 is system masterSLOT 3 RSP16 is system slaveRSP16 processor with 128 Mbytes of main memory[additional displayed text omitted from this example]Slave in slot 3 is halted.Step 4
System Bootstrap, Version 11.1, RELEASED SOFTWARECopyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.SLOT 6 RSP16 is system masterRSP16 processor with 128 Mbytes of main memory[additional displayed text omitted from this example]Step 5
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Step 6
Step 7
Router> show versionCisco Internetwork Operating System SoftwareIOS (tm) RSP Software (RSP-JSV-M), Version 11.1 [biff 51096]Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Mon 22-Sep-99 21:15 by biffImage text-base: 0x600108A0, data-base: 0x607B8000[additional displayed text omitted from this example]Slave in slot 7 is running Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software(Note that this could also be "slot 6," depending on which RSP is configured as the standby or the recent crash history of your router.)
When you have verified all the conditions in Step 2 through Step 6 (or Step 7 if you have a second RSP16 installed and want to use the HSA or HA features), the installation is complete. If you replaced the RSP16 and saved your configuration file to a remote server before doing so, see the "Retrieving the Configuration File" section. If you replaced the RSP16 and did not save the configuration, use the configure command or the setup facility to reenter the configuration information.
An error condition exists if no LEDs go on at power up or after initialization, or if the boot error or CPU halt LEDs go on and remain on. If this happens, proceed to the "Troubleshooting the Installation" section to try to isolate the problem.
For more complete configuration information, refer to the Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide and the Configuration Fundamentals Command Reference publications, which are available online, on the Documentation CD-ROM, or as printed documents.
If you have a second RSP16 installed, you must configure the HSA (or HA, if you prefer) features for your Cisco 7507, Cisco 7507-MX, Cisco 7513, or Cisco 7513-MX router. Read the following caution, and then proceed to either the "Configuring High System Availability" section, or the "Enabling High Availability Features" section.
Caution
This completes the procedure for restarting the system.
Configuring the Router for a Single RSP16
If you have a single RSP16, you can configure your system according to the Cisco IOS release appropriate for your router. See the Cisco IOS software configuration documentation set that corresponds to the software release installed on your Cisco hardware at http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/index.htm.
If you have more than one RSP16 (or an RSP16 and an RSP8), and you are using a Cisco 7507 or a Cisco 7507-MX router or a Cisco 7513 or a Cisco 7513-MX router, you must configure your router for either high system availability (HSA), the default (see the "Configuring High System Availability" section), or high availability (HA) (see the "Enabling High Availability Features" section).
Using the EXEC Command Interpreter
Before you configure your system using the EXEC-level commands, you must enter the privileged level of the EXEC command interpreter using the enable command. The system prompts you for a password if one has been set. The system prompt for the privileged level ends with a pound sign (#) instead of an angle bracket (>).
At the console terminal, enter the privileged level as follows:
Step 1
Router> enablePassword:Step 2
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Router#The pound sign (#) at the system prompt indicates the privileged level of the EXEC command interpreter, from which you can execute EXEC-level commands.
This completes the procedure for using the EXEC command interpeter.
For configuration information and support, refer to the Cisco IOS software configuration documentation set that corresponds to the software release installed on your Cisco hardware.
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For troubleshooting information, refer to the "Troubleshooting the Installation" section.
Configuring High System Availability
This section describes high system availability (HSA), a feature that enables a router to continue processing and forwarding packets after a planned or unplanned outage.
It includes the following topics:
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HSA is the system default when two RSP16 cards (one designated as the "active" and the other as the "standby") are installed in a router and the active RSP16 card fails. The standby RSP16 card takes over in this situation, known as a "cold standby." The router restarts without manual intervention (for example, without inserting a new RSP) by rebooting with the standby RSP. The standby has its own image and configuration file and acts as a single processor.
Caution
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When two new RSP16s (or an RSP16 and an RSP8) are installed at the same time, the RSP that occupies the first even RSP slot on the router is the active (normally the RSP16, if the RSP8 was used in conjunction with the RSP16), and the RSP that occupies the odd RSP slot is the standby. If a crash has occurred, the RSP in the odd slot becomes the active and the RSP in the even slot becomes the standby.
HSA is supported on the following routers: Cisco 7507, Cisco 7507-MX, Cisco 7513, and Cisco 7513-MX. HSA is not supported on the Cisco 7505 or the Cisco 7576 routers.
The cold standby procedure, from initial failure to first packet transmission, currently takes approximately eight to ten minutes.
For more complete HSA configuration information, refer to the Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide and the Configuration Fundamentals Command Reference publications, which are available online, on the Cisco Documentation CD-ROM, or as printed copies.
HSA Active and Standby Operation
During HSA operation, the active RSP16 card functions as if it were a single processor, controlling all functions of the router. The standby RSP16 card does nothing but actively monitor the active RSP16 for failure.
When the standby RSP16 detects a nonfunctional active RSP16, the standby resets itself and takes part in active-standby arbitration. Active-standby arbitration is a ROM monitor process that determines which RSP16 card is the active and which is the standby upon startup (or reboot).
If a system crash causes the active RSP16 to fail, the standby RSP16 becomes the new active RSP16 and uses its own system image and configuration file to reboot the router. The failed RSP16 card (now the standby) remains inactive until you perform diagnostics, correct the problem, and then issue the standby reload command.
With HSA operation, use the following guidelines:
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Caution
